Search results for "Strombolian Eruptions"

showing 3 items of 3 documents

Conduit dynamics and post explosion degassing on Stromboli: A combined UV camera and numerical modeling treatment.

2016

Abstract Recent gas flux measurements have shown that Strombolian explosions are often followed by periods of elevated flux, or “gas codas,” with durations of order a minute. Here we present UV camera data from 200 events recorded at Stromboli volcano to constrain the nature of these codas for the first time, providing estimates for combined explosion plus coda SO2 masses of ≈18–225 kg. Numerical simulations of gas slug ascent show that substantial proportions of the initial gas mass can be distributed into a train of “daughter bubbles” released from the base of the slug, which we suggest, generate the codas, on bursting at the surface. This process could also cause transitioning of slugs i…

InformaticsGeologicaluv camerasgas slugsModelingRemote Sensing and DisastersVolcanologycomputational fluid dynamicsPhysical ModelingResearch Lettersgas fluxVolcanic GasesOceanography: Generaldaughter bubblesExplosive VolcanismResearch LetterStrombolian eruptionsRemote Sensing of VolcanoesComputational GeophysicsNumerical ModelingNatural HazardsSolid EarthGeophysical research letters
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Volatiles in pantellerite magmas: A case study of the Green Tuff Plinian eruption (Island of Pantelleria, Italy)

2013

Abstract The Green Tuff (GT) Plinian eruption, the largest in magnitude at Pantelleria, erupted 3 to 7 km3 DRE of pantellerite magma and a small volume of trachyte. Fifty-nine anorthoclase-hosted melt inclusions from the two basal pumice members were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy in order to assess the pre-eruptive H2O content in the pantellerite melt. Microanalytical methods were used to determine major element, Cl, F and S contents. Melt inclusions and glassy groundmasses have a nearly homogeneous pantelleritic composition (peralkaline index = 1.9-2.2) and variable water contents ranging from 1.4 to as high as 4.2 wt %, i.e. much higher than the 1.4 wt % of earlier published studies. The…

LavaSettore GEO/07 - Petrologia E PetrografiaGeochemistryTrachyteMagma chamberStrombolian eruptionGeophysicsEffusive eruptionGeochemistry and PetrologyPumiceMagmaThe Green Tuff (GT) Plinian eruption the largest in magnitude at Pantelleria erupted 3 to 7 km 3 DRE of pantellerite magma and a small volume of trachyte. Fifty-nine anorthoclase-hosted melt inclusions from the two basal pumice members were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy in order to assess the pre-eruptive H2Ocontent in the pantellerite melt. Microanalytical methods were used to determine major element Cl F and S contents. Melt inclusions and glassy groundmasses have a nearly homogeneous pantelleritic composition (peralkaline index = 1.9-2.2) and variable water contents ranging from 1.4 to as high as 4.2 wt % i.e. much higher than the 1.4 wt % of earlier published studies. The chlorine content is constant at about 1 wt %. Combined Cl and H2O data were used to estimate a confining pressure of about 50 MPa (depth around 2-3 km) for the GT magma chamber. The chamber was characterized by a compositional zoning with a dominant pantellerite overlying a trachyte magma. Soon after the GT eruption intra-caldera volcanism was dominated by the eruption of voluminous trachyte lavaflows while pantellerite melt production resumed after about 20 ka with numerous low-volume mildly explosive (Strombolian) to effusive eruptions. Comparison with data from the literature reveals that despite the differentexplosivity the post-caldera Strombolian eruptions and the GT Plinian eruption were fed by pantelleritic magmas with similar water contents. Chlorine and CO2contents suggest that the young magma reservoirs feeding the Strombolian to effusive activity were deeper (h≥4.5 km) than the much larger (based on erupted volumes) magma chamber which fed the GT eruptionGeologyMelt inclusionsJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research
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Modern Multispectral Sensors Help Track Explosive Eruptions

2013

Due to its massive air traffic impact, the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull was felt by millions of people and cost airlines more than U.S. $1.7 billion. The event has, thus, become widely cited in renewed efforts to improve real-time tracking of volcanic plumes, as witnessed by special sections published last year in Journal of Geophysical Research, (117, issues D20 and B9).

geographyExplosive eruptiongeography.geographical_feature_category010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMeteorologyStrombolian Eruptions Multi-sensor field surveyMultispectral imageAir traffic control010502 geochemistry & geophysicsTrack (rail transport)01 natural sciencesAeronauticsVolcano[INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing13. Climate action[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]General Earth and Planetary SciencesGeologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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